Expat Guide to France: What You Need to Know Before Moving

Moving to France is a dream for many, but making that dream a reality requires careful planning, cultural adaptation, and an understanding of the country’s systems. Whether you’re relocating for work, family, or a fresh start, this guide will walk you through the essentials you need to know before making the move to France.

Understanding Residency and Visa Requirements

Before arriving in France, it’s crucial to determine what visa or residency permit you’ll need. EU/EEA and Swiss citizens can reside and work in France without a visa. However, non-EU citizens, including Americans, Canadians, and Australians, must obtain a long-stay visa (visa de long séjour) prior to arrival. This visa acts as a residency permit and is typically required for stays over 90 days.

There are different visa categories depending on your reason for moving: work, student, family reunification, or retirement. After your arrival, you’ll usually need to validate your visa and eventually apply for a residence card (carte de séjour).

Healthcare System and Insurance

France is known for having one of the most efficient healthcare systems in the world. Once you become a legal resident, you’re eligible to enroll in the public healthcare system, known as PUMa (Protection Universelle Maladie).

To register, you’ll need proof of address, your residence permit, a French bank account, and an employment contract or proof of income. While state healthcare covers most medical expenses, many residents also choose a supplementary insurance plan (mutuelle) for broader coverage.

Cost of Living and Housing

The cost of living in France varies significantly depending on the region. Paris and the French Riviera are the most expensive areas, while smaller towns and rural regions offer a more affordable lifestyle. Monthly rent for a one-bedroom apartment in Paris can exceed €1,200, whereas the same property might cost around €500–€700 in provincial cities.

It’s advisable to secure temporary accommodation before your move, giving you time to find a suitable long-term home. Property websites such as Leboncoin, SeLoger, and PAP are commonly used for rentals. Remember, most leases require a deposit and proof of income, and many landlords ask for a guarantor.

Opening a French Bank Account

Having a French bank account is essential for managing daily life—whether it’s receiving a salary, paying rent, or subscribing to utilities. To open an account, you’ll typically need:

• A valid ID or passport
• Proof of address (rental contract or utility bill)
• A residence permit or visa

Some banks may request additional documentation, such as proof of income or a letter from your employer. Online banks like N26 or Revolut may offer easier setup options, especially for non-residents.

Learning the Language

While you can get by in tourist areas with English, integrating into French society is much easier when you speak the language. In many administrative offices, English is not spoken, so basic French will help you navigate paperwork, healthcare, and social life.

Consider enrolling in a local language course or using online platforms like Duolingo, Babbel, or iTalki. Some cities offer subsidized language classes through community centers or integration programs.

Education Options for Children

If you’re moving to France with children, understanding the education system is key. Public education in France is free and generally of high quality. International schools are available in larger cities, offering bilingual or English-language instruction, but they often come with high tuition fees.

Children are required to attend school from age 3 to 16. If you’re planning to stay long-term, integrating your child into the French school system can be beneficial for language acquisition and cultural integration.

Transportation and Daily Life

France has an extensive and reliable public transportation network. Major cities like Paris, Lyon, and Marseille offer subways, buses, and trams. The national rail service, SNCF, makes intercity travel quick and efficient, with high-speed TGV trains connecting most regions.

Driving in France is relatively straightforward. EU license holders can use their license indefinitely, while non-EU license holders may need to exchange theirs for a French one within a year, depending on reciprocal agreements with their home country.

Cultural Norms and Etiquette

France has a rich cultural heritage, and understanding a few key customs can help you adjust more smoothly:

• Always greet with a polite “Bonjour” and say “Au revoir” when leaving.
• A handshake is common in professional settings; close friends may greet with cheek kisses (la bise).
• Punctuality is expected, especially in professional or administrative contexts.
• Dining is an important social ritual — long lunches and dinners are common, especially on weekends.

Adapting to the rhythm of French life takes time, but with an open mind, the rewards are many — including a slower pace, rich cuisine, and deeper social interactions.

Learning New Languages as an Expat: Strategies for Quick Success

Language learning is one of the most powerful tools you can develop as an expat. Here are a few effective strategies to accelerate your progress:

• Immerse Yourself Daily: Switch your phone and apps to French, watch local news, and listen to French podcasts or music.
• Join Language Exchanges: Platforms like Meetup or Tandem connect you with native speakers who want to practice your language.
• Practice Speaking Without Fear: Don’t worry about mistakes — the effort to speak French is always appreciated and leads to faster learning.
• Set Goals: Commit to learning a set number of new words per week and practicing conversations regularly.
• Be Consistent: Language acquisition is a daily habit, not a one-time event. Ten minutes a day goes a long way.

Moving to France is a thrilling chapter in anyone’s life. While the transition can be complex, with the right mindset and preparation, it’s an incredibly rewarding experience that opens doors to a rich and vibrant lifestyle.

Stay Connected for More Travel and Lifestyle Inspiration. For more insights into travel, culture, and lifestyle tips, follow me on @salvadorordorica.If you’re seeking professional translation and localization services to enhance your global ventures, visit The Spanish Group — your trusted partner in bridging cultures worldwide.